magick sprite.png -filter point -resize 800% [email protected]
-filter point is nearest neighbour, so no interpolation. Use whole multiples (200%, 400%, 800%); a fractional scale makes some pixel rows thicker than others.
For a whole folder:
magick mogrify -path ./big -filter point -resize 400% *.png
mogrify edits files in place unless you give it -path, so always give it -path. On ImageMagick 6 the commands are convert and mogrify without the magick prefix.